Electrical water-heater.



10.745,682. PATENTBD No.1, 1903. M. H. SHOENBBRG.

ELECTRICAL WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29,1903.

N0 MODEL.

Qualunque,

T INM@ W15/ness UNITED t STATES Iatented December 1, 1908.

PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRICAL WATER-H EATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,682, dated December 1, 1903.

Application filed J'une 29,1903. Serial No. 163,530. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, MILTON HENRY SHOEN- BERG, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have in vented an Improvement in Electrical Water-Heaters; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to an apparatus which is especially designed for continuously heating a fiowing stream of water, which may be received at a low temperature at one end of the apparatus and constantly discharged at a higher temperature at the opposite end.

It consists of a continuous tube having an enlarged section intermediate of the ends, said section having an insulatingl non-con ducting coating and a high-resistance wire wound thereon, with means for passing an electrical current through the wire.

It also consists in a means for maintaining a continuous return ow through a iiexible or other pipe, whereby a column of heated water will be constantly maintained at the outer end of said pipe and in conjunction with a discharge apparatus at said outer end, through which the hot water may be drawn for use at any instant.

My invention also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a View of the apparatus, partially in section, adapted for dental use. Fig. 2 shows its application to a bath-tub or the like.

It is the object of my invention to provide a device by which water may be electrically heated for any use to which it may be applied.

As shown in Fig. 1, the device is designed ,to be applied for dental purposes and may be connected with the inlet-pipe A, which ordinarily supplies Water to a dental cuspidor and which supply is controlled by a cock or faucet, as shown at 2.

My apparatus comprises an inlet-pipe, as 3, and a delivery-pipe, as 4t. The inlet-pipe may be connected with the normal cuspidorsupply by simply employing what is known as a slip-joint for the ordinary dischargenozzle and a similar joint for the pipe 3, or any usual or suitable form of coupling may be employed to make a tight connection. At some point between the pipes 3 and 4f I in troduce an enlarged tubular section 5, the object of which is to reduce the speed of the water which is introduced from the small pipe 3 and discharged through the corresponding small pipe si, so that the enlarged portion 5 retains a considerable body of water of larger diameter than that within the supply and discharge tubes. Around this tubular chamber 5 is coiled a sheet of mica, as at 6, and around this sheet of mica is coiled the wire 7, which is designed for the electrical circuit. This wire is a naked Wire of such size that when the current of electricity is passed through it the resistance of the wire will cause its temperature to be raised so much as to heat the water Within the tube 5, preferably made of brass or copper.

The object in employing the mica instead of asbestos is because the mica will not retain the heat as a fibrous material would and will thus allow the contact of the Water on the inside of the tube to act through the tube and the mica to prevent the wire from becoming so hot as to be destroyed, while at the same time the conducting power is such that the heat of the wire will be transmitted, so as to raise the temperature of the water to any desired. degree. The slower movement of the Water through this enlarged portion of the tube materially assists in thus raising the temperature, because it is retained in the tube for a longer time than if it were flowing through a tube of the same diameter as the inlet and outlet tubes.

The wire 7 is a naked wire without insulation and is wound about the tube 5 in a single coil, the wraps of which are out of contact with each other, and the mica provides for the perfect insulation of the coils. The coiled wire is secured at the top and bottom by clamps 8, which surround the tube and hold the wire and also the mica in place. These clamps have projecting lugs at one side, and by means of screws, as at 9, they are drawn together, so as to hold the mica and the wire rmly in place. At the same time the heads of these screws serve to bind the conducting-wires lO, through which the current of electricity is introduced and caused to These wires are prefpass through the coil.

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erably insulated with glass tubing and protected, so as to prevent any short-circuiting, and the whole device is inolosed in an appropriate housing, as at 11. The discharge end of the pipe t connects, by means of a coupling, as at 12, with a head into the interior chamber of which the water is iirst delivered. Extending outwardly from this chamber is a tube 15, and a similar tube 16 lies parallel with and close to the first tube. The lower end of the tube or passage 16 forms the discharge 17, which is here shown in the axis of the head; but there is no connection between the receiving-chamber 1S and the discharge 17 except through the pipes 15 and 16.

When used for dental purposes, it is often desirable to employ hot water through a needle-jet orifice upon the parts which are being operated upon to reduce the pain of such operation. The discharge-nozzle used forsuch purposes is shown at 19, and for convenience it must be connected with the hot-water supply by a flexible tube 20, which in most cases is several feet in length.

As the amount of water discharged through the needle-jet is exceedingly small, it will be manifest that if the body of hot water had to be conveyed from the heater through this long section of flexible pipe it would take several minutes to discharge the cold water within the pipe and bring the hot water to the nozzle. It is the object of this portion of my invention to avoid this difficulty by connecting two tubes, as 2l and 22, with the short tubes 15 and 16, and for convenience they may be all contained .within the outer flexible tubing 20. The water entering the chamber 18 passes thence through the passage 15, the tube 21, and is delivered into a chamber, as 23, in the jet-nozzle, from whence it is returned through the pipe 22 and the pipe 16 to the discharge orifice or nozzle 17, and this nozzle stands with such relation to the bowl or cuspidor 24 that a continuous stream of water may be allowed to run into the cuspidor. As the current is continuous, it will be seen that the hot water will extend all the way through the flexible tube into the chamber 23 of the nozzle, and will thus be within close range of the discharge-point 19.

By means of a cock 25 the discharge through the nozzle may be opened or closed. When the nozzle is not in use, the cock is closed and the water circulates, so that hot water is constantly in the upper end of the nozzle, and when the valve is opened the hot water will flow through the short distance to the discharge in a second or two.

It will be manifest that the device may be used for any purposes where hot water is required by such enlargement or minor change of form as will fit it to the purpose desired. Thus 24 represents a bath tub, bowl, or basin, and 17 is a nozzle discharging into it. This nozzle is connected with the pipe t from the heater 5n of Fig. 2, the insulated heating-wires and the electrical and other connections in this case being identical with those used in the smaller heater.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A water-heater consisting of inlet and outlet pipes, an interposed tubular section of larger diameter with which said pipes connect, an insulating-covering of mica surrounding said interposed section, a coil of uninsulated wire wound upon said surface with the turns outof contact with each other, clamps at each end by which the insulatingcoating and wire are secured to the tube and connections with said clamps through which an electrical circuit through the coil may be completed.

2. A heater having inlet and discharge pipes and means for heating the water passing therethrough, a head connected with the discharge-pipe, circulating-pipes connected with said head whereby the water is carried to a distance therefrom and returned again to the discharge-passage of the head.

3. Awater-heatingapparatus havingahead with passages, one of which connects with the inlet to the head and the other connects with the discharge therefrom, pipes connecting with said passages whereby a circulation of water through said pipes to a distance from the head is maintained and a discharge-nozzle with which the distant end of the circulating-pipes is connected.

4. A'water-heatingapparatushavingahead with passages, one of which connects with the inlet to said head and the other with the discharge therefrom, pipes connecting with said passages and with a chamber common to both at the outer ends of said pipes, whereby the heated water is constantly circulated through said pipes to a distant point and returned to the point of discharge, a nozzle connected with the distant receiver and valve by which the heated water may be diverted through the nozzle.

5. A water-heater consisting of inlet and discharge pipes, an interposed tubular section of larger diameter having a covering of mica, a single coil of uninsulated conductingwire wound upon the mica with the turns out of contact with each other, clamps by which mica 'and the opposite ends of the wire are both simultaneously secured upon the tube, screws by which said clamps are fastened, said screws also acting as binding-screws and electrical wires connecting with said screws whereby a current may be passed through the coil to heat the water-as it passes and a source of supply and controlling-cock by which the rate of movement and consequent heating of the water are controlled.

6. The combination in a water-heater of inlet and outlet pipes, a tubular section of larger diameter with an insulated covering and a single coil of wire wound thereon with the turns out of contact with each other, electrical connections with the ends of said wire,

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a source of supply and a controlling-cock through the supply and discharge pipes and whereby the movement of the Water through the enlarged heating-ehamber are Controlled the supply and discharge pipes and the enand the heat regulated.

larged heating-chamber and the consequent In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 5 degree of heat are controlled. hand.

7. The combination in a Water-heater of X T Y Y T inlet and outlet pipes, a tubular section of MHA OB H SHOELLERG' larger diameter, means for heating said en- Witnesses: larged section, a source of supply and a eon- S. H. NOURSE,

:o trolling-cook whereby the movement of water JESSIE (l. BRODIE. 

